Monash is also widely recognised for his service as a commander in the First World War. Dame Nellie Melba was an internationally renowned soprano who performed in Australia, Europe and the United States of America in the late 19th and early 20th century. In addition to performing, Melba made important contributions to the arts through teaching at the Melba Memorial Conservatorium of Music, now the Melba Opera Trust, in her home town of Melbourne. In her lifetime, Dame Nellie Melba achieved international recognition as a soprano.
Melba debuted in in Verdi's Rigoletto in Brussels and went on to sing with great success in London, Paris, Milan, New York and other major cities.
Although she toured the world, Melba found time for civic work in Australia, including raising funds for war charities. Dame Nellie's homecoming in involved an Australian and New Zealand concert tour the tour program is depicted on the banknote. Most exchanges do not charge a commission fee although there will always be a difference between the buy and sell rates.
When the first fleet arrived in Australia it was decided that no currency was required as the population consisted of only soldiers and convicts. Rum became one of the original forms of currency during the first 25 years despite all the issues of spillage and loss. Working in a bank might have been fun!
The first coins used in Australia, in , were created by punching the centre out of a Spanish dollar to produce two coins the Holey Dollar and the Dump, they were then stamped with their new values making them worthless elsewhere in the world. In decimal currency, dollars and cents replaced the pounds, shillings and pence. Notes of different denominations vary in both size and colour.
Each of the Australian dollar notes depict a famous Australian or notable person who has some important significance to Australia. The scheme mainly applies to goods and does not apply to accommodation, tours and car rental. This iconic Aussie was actually a solicitor in his younger days, not putting poetic pen to paper until he was in his 30s. His first book — The Man from Snowy River — sold out of its first edition within a week!
Dame Mary Gilmore — was also a poet, as well as an author, journalist and keen campaigner against inequality and deprivation. She campaigned against a huge range of injustices, such as the inability of women to vote, the treatment of Indigenous Australians and poor people and pushed for reforms to old age and disability pensions, child endowment and better treatment of returned servicemen.
Mary Reibey — actually arrived in Australia in as a convict, but this tenacious achiever then went on to become a successful shipping magnate and philanthropist.
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