Initially, a uniform boundary or front exists between cold air pushing southwards and warm air pushing northwards. A wave-shaped distortion may appear on the front, and a small low pressure centre develops at the crest of the wave. In the immediately surrounding area the pressure begins to fall. A disturbance of this kind is called a wave depression.
As the "wave" develops, a warm sector of air forms, bounded by the warm and cold fronts, which begins to tie over the engulfing cold air.
Both the warm and cold fronts originate from the centre of the depression. On the ground, sudden changes in the wind direction may be experienced when fronts pass by. Wave depressions can grow off the tail ends of primary cold fronts. The depression so formed is then called a secondary depression. New centres may also develop at the point of occlusion within the primary depression. The secondary system can then become the main system, and the primary occluded front becomes caught up in the developing circulation, effectively becoming a third front.
A set of descriptions of meteorological symbols is provided. What sort of weather system is present? Say whether they are warm, cold or occluded fronts. Assume that the current reading has been taken at 9 am. The isobaric pattern represents a classic warm and cold front depression.
Students should first attempt to draw in the isobars using the information on atmospheric pressure provided for each meteorological station. Then, using their knowledge gained from the Information Sheet and the additional meteorological information from the chart e. Wind is 20 knots 23 mph from the south. By midday the cold front will pass overhead accompanied by a band of heavy rain, possibly with some hail. During the few hours after the cold front has passed eastwards, the wind will veer to the southwest and the temperature will drop.
The afternoon and evening will have sunny spells with the likelihood of intermittent squally showers in the colder unstable air. Synoptic Charts Information Sheet 8. The need for synoptic charts With an understanding of how the air moves and how clouds and rain form, much prediction can be made by simply observing the sky overhead, observing wind direction and noting the temperature and humidity of the air.
This is why the UK sees such changeable weather. The circular lines you see on the chart are isobars, which join areas of the same barometric pressure. The pressure pattern is important because we can use it to tell us where the wind is coming from and how strong it is. It also shows areas of high and low pressure.
Air moves from high to low pressure along a gradient similar to squash that is left in a glass of water becoming evenly distributed as it becomes less concentrated. If the difference between areas of high and low pressure is greater then we have a large gradient and the air will move faster to try and balance out this difference.
This is shown on a synoptic chart with isobars that are very close together and we feel strong winds as a result. In terms of the wind direction, air moves around high pressure in a clockwise direction and low pressure in an anticlockwise direction, so isobars also tell us the direction and speed of the wind.
Also on a synoptic chart are the lines, triangles and semi-circles representing 'fronts'. With the atmosphere trying to balance temperature, pressure and wind there are different sorts of air, known as air masses, circulating around the Earth.
The differences are mostly between how warm, cold, dry and moist the air is, and fronts simply mark the boundary between these different types of air.
A warm front is shown with a red line and red semi-circles and a cold front with a blue line and blue triangles. How do you put the word isobar in a sentence? How many millibars does each isobar differs from the next isobar by?
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