In addition, our product portfolio includes hyperimmune immunoglobulins which are especially high in antibodies against certain diseases, such as tetanus, varicella, rabies, and hepatitis A and B.
Availability of treatments may vary from country to country. Please be sure to visit your local CSLBehring. Primary immunodeficiencies are a large group of hereditary or genetic disorders that impair the normal functioning of the cells of the immune system, rendering the patient unable to fight infections.
CIDP is a neurological disorder caused by damage to the myelin sheath of the peripheral nerves. It is often characterized by increasing weakness in the legs and arms. ITP is an autoimmune disorder resulting in a low platelet count. Very low platelet counts can lead to increased susceptibility to bleeding. Secondary immunodeficiencies occur when the immune system is compromised by an external factor, not a genetic one.
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U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein immune complexes induce type I interferon in plasmacytoid dendritic cells through TLR7. Yung, S.
Anti-DNA antibodies in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis — the emerging mechanisms. Werwitzke, S. Arthritis Rheum. Manderson, A. Botto, M. The role of complement in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Litzman, J. Secondary immunodeficiency disorders are more common than primary immunodeficiency disorders, according to a review published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , and develop as a result of environmental factors.
For example, secondary immunodeficiency disorders can be caused by HIV infection; certain drugs, such as drugs to prevent rejection of transplanted organs; or treatment with chemotherapy. Malnutrition is the most common cause of immunodeficiency around the globe, as calorie deficiency and micronutrient deficiencies can alter the immune response. Symptoms of a secondary immunodeficiency disorder include frequent infections and occasional opportunistic infections, which tend to occur more frequently in people with weakened immune systems.
For example candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by the Candida yeast. The yeast can live on your skin and in your body without causing any problems, but if you have a weakened immune system, it can grow out of control and cause infections, according to the CDC. To diagnose an immunodeficiency, a doctor will likely conduct a physical examination, get a thorough patient history and perform a variety of tests, according to the Merck Manual.
The tests may include blood tests, skin tests, lymph node or bone marrow biopsy, and sometimes genetic testing to identify a genetic mutation that could be causing the disorder. The type of treatment depends on the type of immunodeficiency disorder. According to National Jewish Health , treatment may include antimicrobial therapy for infections, vaccinations, or specialized therapies to replace or supplement immune system cells.
The prognosis for people with immunodeficiency disorders varies, too. Many people with primary immunodeficiency need ongoing treatment with antibiotics and antifungals to ward off infection. In the case of some secondary immunodeficiencies, treatment of the primary cause can effectively resolve the immunodeficiency, according to the British Society for Immunology ; an example is malnutrition. Immunodeficiency disorders and autoimmune disease are not exactly the same. An immunodeficiency is an impairment of the immune system, whereas an autoimmune disease is when the immune system attacks the body's healthy cells, tissues and organs.
However, studies have found that there often is a connection between immunodeficiencies and autoimmune diseases. People with a primary immunodeficiency are more likely to have an autoimmune disorder, certain blood disorders and cancers, according to the CDC , because their immune systems just don't work as effectively to protect them from these health problems. There are more than 80 recognized autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes , inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis , according to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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